Nagorno-Karabakh

Clashes Break Out on Azerbaijan-Armenia Border

Fresh clashes broke out on the border between Azerbaijan and Armenia on Tuesday. According to media reports, Armenia has said at least 49 soldiers were killed on the Armenian side, while Azeri officials have said that 50 of their own forces died in the fighting.

Baku has denied accusations that its forces attempted to cross the border and has said that the fighting was a countermeasure to earlier provocation from Armenia.

Tensions are running high between the two countries following a decades-long dispute over the Nagorno-Karabakh region, which is an enclave within Azerbaijan and home to a high share of ethnic Armenians.

In the late 1980s, Armenian forces had captured areas near Nagorno-Karabakh. However, the contested land was reclaimed in 2020, during a six-week long war that killed at least 6,600 people and saw 91,000 people forced to flee into Armenia.

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This map shows the Azerbaijan-Armenia border.

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Estimated number of battle fatalities in Nagorno-Karabakh from 1991 to 2023
Comparison of the military capabilities of Armenia and Azerbaijan as of 2025
In your opinion, how will the situation in Nagorno-Karabakh develop in the future?
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Caucasus countries: Death rate from 2013 to 2023 (in deaths per 1,000 inhabitants)
Population of Nagorno-Karabakh from 1926 to 2020 (in 1,000s)
Forcibly displaced population within Armenia from 2000 to 2024, by category

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