Mental health

Self-Harm on the Rise in UK Prisons

A recently released report by the National Audit Office suggests that mental well-being in UK prisons has been in sharp decline for several years due to ongoing savings in funding and staff since 2009.

Accordingly, the number of self-inflicted deaths and self-harm incidents among prisoners has reached the highest number on record in 2016. Within the last year, 120 persons committed suicide and another 40,161 cases of self-harm were reported from prisons in England and Wales which hold a monthly average of 84,674 prisoners in custody. This means an increase of 73% for self-harm incidents and almost 97% for self-inflicted deaths since 2012.

Amyas Morse, head of the National Audit Office, mentioned last Thursday that a lack of data on mental health problems and exact government spending impedes efforts to address this issue and called for a "step change in effort and resources" to improve the prisoners’ situation.

Description

This graphic shows the increase in self-harm incidents and self-inflicted deaths in prisons in England & Wales.

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Number of self-harm incidents at prisons in England and Wales from 2004 to 2024
Number of self-inflicted deaths in prison custody in England and Wales from 1978 to 2025
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Number of self-inflicted deaths among prisoners in custody in England and Wales in 2019, by nationality type
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Self-harming female prisoners per 1,000 prisoners in custody in England and Wales from 2009 to 2019
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Rate of self-inflicted male deaths during prison custody per 1,000 prisoners in England and Wales from 2010 to 2019
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Rate of self-inflicted female deaths during prison custody per 1,000 prisoners in England and Wales from 2010 to 2019

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